Air Crash Chronicles
By: Air Crash Chronicles
Language: en
Categories: Society, Culture, Documentary, Education, How To
Air Crash Chronicles is a podcast that takes you inside the world of aviation disasters.Each episode breaks down a real plane crash—what happened, why it happened, and how investigators uncovered the truth.We explore cockpit audio, black box data, engineering failures, human factors, weather conditions, and the chain of events that led to each tragedy.This podcast is designed for aviation enthusiasts, curious minds, and anyone who wants to understand how modern air travel becomes safer through every accident investigation.With clear storytelling, deep research, and verified sources, Air Crash Chronicles brings you gripping, immersive episodes that reveal th...
Episodes
Missing Grease Killed Alaska Flight 261
Jan 09, 2026Three catastrophic transportation accidents reveal how mechanical neglect and human error can turn routine journeys into disaster.In one case, a plane suffers a fatal failure due to an un-lubricated jack screw, exposing how overlooked maintenance compromises control. Another tragedy occurs at sea when a ferry capsizes after open watertight doors allow flooding to spread, highlighting design flaws and operational lapses. A third incident involves a commercial airliner crashing because of automation masking underlying mechanical problems, showing the limits of technology when human vigilance lapses.These events underscore the dangers of prioritizing corporate profit over safety and the importance...
Duration: 00:10:14Swiss Cheese Aviation Failures and Checklists
Jan 08, 2026Two aviation disasters demonstrate how human error and mechanical failure can combine with fatal consequences.In 1985, British Air Tours Flight 28 suffers an engine fire when a repaired component ruptures, igniting a blaze worsened by toxic smoke and narrow cabin exits, leaving passengers with little chance to escape. In 1987, Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes shortly after takeoff when the crew fails to complete a taxi checklist, leaving the wing flaps improperly configured.Both tragedies underscore the importance of strict maintenance protocols and standardized cockpit procedures. Investigations lead to improved safety designs, such as wider cabin exits and computerized checklists, demonstrating how...
Duration: 00:10:59The Crosswind and The Forgotten Switch
Jan 07, 2026Two significant aviation tragedies highlight how human error, mechanical failure, and design flaws can combine with fatal results.In the first, a British Air Tours Boeing 737 suffers an engine fire on the ground. A narrow cabin, a jammed door, and toxic smoke trap passengers, resulting in 55 deaths during evacuation. In the second, a Korean Air Lines passenger jet drifts into Soviet airspace during the Cold War, where a navigation error leads to its shootdown. Investigation of black box data shows the crew mistakenly flew on a magnetic heading instead of following the waypoint system.Both cases demonstrate how seemingly...
Duration: 00:13:33Fatal Errors: Investigations into Flight 296 and USAir 1493
Jan 06, 2026Two catastrophic aviation disasters reveal how human error, mechanical limitations, and systemic failures can converge with deadly results.In one case, an Airbus A320 crashes during a demonstration flight, sparking debate over whether pilot error or unfamiliar fly-by-wire technology caused the impact. The second tragedy occurs at LAX, where a collision between a Boeing 737 and a Metroliner results from a critical air traffic control mistake.Investigations into these events lead to significant safety improvements, including upgraded radar systems, stricter cockpit regulations, and clearer procedures for managing both human and technical risks. These reforms illustrate how lessons learned from tragedy...
Duration: 00:15:02When the Cockpit Fails: The Struggle with Aviation Automation
Jan 05, 2026Three aviation accidents illustrate the delicate balance between mechanical failure and pilot response.In one case, a rare ice buildup in the fuel system causes dual engine failure, yet the crew’s quick thinking prevents total disaster. Another tragedy occurs when pilot fatigue and misinterpretation of a stall warning lead to a preventable crash, highlighting the human side of error. The third involves a faulty radio altimeter, which misleads automated systems into initiating a premature landing, demonstrating the risks of over-reliance on automation.Together, these incidents show that engineering improvements alone are not enough; pilots must maintain strong manual fl...
Duration: 00:14:35Flight 811 Cargo Door Catastrophe
Jan 04, 2026Several high-profile aviation accidents reveal how technical failures and human oversight can combine into catastrophe.In one case, an aircraft suffers explosive decompression mid-flight due to faulty mechanical design, while another crashes because of outdated navigation tools and insufficient pilot training. Investigations uncover a pattern of errors: overlooked defects, inadequate maintenance, and pressure to prioritize economic interests over safety. Grieving families and independent experts often play a pivotal role in revealing truths missed or minimized in official reports.These tragedies drive regulatory reform, leading to stricter oversight, improved cockpit procedures, and more rigorous aircraft design standards. Collectively, they demonstrate...
Duration: 00:12:42Helios 522 and the 737 Ghost Planes
Jan 03, 2026Three major aviation disasters illustrate how human error, mechanical failure, and environmental hazards can converge with deadly—or near-deadly—results.In one case, a pressurization switch left in manual mode causes hypoxia, incapacitating the pilots and leaving a flight attendant to manage the aircraft until it runs out of fuel. Another tragedy involves a decade-long investigation into United 585 and US Air 427, where a hidden mechanical rudder reversal is identified as the cause of unexplained crashes, highlighting how subtle design flaws can be lethal. The final incident is a remarkable survival story: Air France Flight 358 overruns a runway during a thun...
Duration: 00:13:24Gimli Glider and the Haunted Autopilot
Jan 02, 2026Two landmark aviation accidents show how human error and mechanical issues can intersect with dramatic consequences.In one case, a newly delivered Boeing 767 runs out of fuel mid-flight due to a metric conversion mistake, forcing the pilots to perform a daring glider-style landing on a former military runway. In the other, a Lockheed TriStar crashes into the Everglades after the crew becomes distracted by a burnt-out cockpit light, inadvertently disengaging the autopilot while troubleshooting.Both incidents reveal how seemingly minor oversights can escalate into disaster. They also inspire the widespread adoption of Crew Resource Management, emphasizing better communication and...
Duration: 00:13:48Three Crashes That Changed Aviation Safety
Jan 01, 2026Several major aviation accidents reveal how complex factors can combine to produce disaster.In one case, an aircraft crashes due to pilot error compounded by fatigue and poor visibility, showing how human limitations can be deadly even for experienced crews. Another flight suffers from mechanical failures and faulty instrumentation, demonstrating how minor technical glitches can escalate rapidly when pilots rely heavily on automated systems. A third incident highlights a near-miracle, where exceptional pilot skill averts catastrophe despite multiple engine failures, underscoring the critical role of training and quick thinking.Across these investigations, authorities use black box data, cockpit recordings...
Duration: 00:12:17Counterfeit Bolts Caused Partnair Tail Loss
Dec 31, 2025Examines two major aviation disasters, each demonstrating how maintenance flaws, human error, and technological shortcomings can lead to catastrophe. The first case involves the 1989 crash of Partnair Flight 394 over the North Sea. Investigators found that unapproved, faulty bolts securing the tail, combined with a malfunctioning auxiliary power unit, produced vibrations that caused the aircraft to break apart mid-flight. The incident exposed serious vulnerabilities in the global aircraft spare parts supply chain. The second account covers the 1996 mid-air collision near New Delhi between Saudi Arabian Airlines Flight 763 and Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907. The Kazakh crew failed to maintain their assigned altitude...
Duration: 00:13:46Counterfeit Bolts and Missing Radar Killed Hundreds
Dec 30, 2025Examines two major aviation disasters, each revealing how maintenance flaws and human factors can have catastrophic consequences.
The first case involves the 1989 crash of Partnair Flight 394 in the North Sea. Investigators determined that counterfeit, unapproved bolts in the tail, combined with vibrations from a broken auxiliary power unit, caused structural failure and the aircraft’s mid-air breakup.
The second account covers the 1996 mid-air collision near New Delhi between Saudi Arabian Airlines Flight 763 and Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907. The Kazakh crew failed to maintain their assigned altitude due to poor cockpit communication and language barriers, wh...
Fighting Total Control Loss With Engine Thrust
Dec 29, 2025Describes three major aviation emergencies, each testing crews under extreme circumstances.
The first case involves a DHL Airbus A300 in 2003, which was struck by a surface-to-air missile over Baghdad. With all hydraulics lost, the crew managed to control and land the plane using only engine thrust.
The second account covers British Airways Flight 9 in 1982. The Boeing 747 flew through a volcanic ash cloud over Indonesia, causing all four engines to fail. The pilots successfully restarted the engines mid-air and landed safely.
The third narrative recounts the 1975 Operation Baby Lift mission in...
Three Disasters That Wrote Aviation Rules
Dec 28, 2025Recounts three major aviation disasters, each resulting from human error, technological shortcomings, and weaknesses in air traffic control. The first case describes the 2002 mid-air collision over Germany, involving a Russian passenger jet carrying children and a DHL cargo plane. The crash was influenced by conflicting instructions between air traffic control and the aircrafts’ collision avoidance systems (TCAS), as well as the controller’s isolated working conditions. The second account covers the 1986 mid-air collision over Cerritos near Los Angeles, where an Aero Mexico DC-9 collided with a private plane due to outdated radar and a distracted controller. The third narrative exam...
Duration: 00:11:58A 22-Year-Old Fatal Patch
Dec 27, 2025Examines three major aviation disasters, each revealing how hidden flaws, deliberate acts, or substandard components can lead to catastrophe. The first case covers China Airlines Flight 611 in 2002, which broke apart midair due to a fatigue crack stemming from an improperly repaired tail strike 22 years earlier. The second account details the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland. Investigators traced fragments of an improvised explosive device and a distinctive timer to Libyan intelligence, showing how sabotage can result in devastating consequences. The third narrative examines Partnair Flight 394 in 1989, where the tail structure failed due to vibrations from a malfunctioning...
Duration: 00:13:13The Golden Clues That Break Aviation Cases
Dec 26, 2025Examines three major aviation disasters, each revealing how hidden failures and malicious acts can lead to catastrophe.
The first case involves China Airlines Flight 611, which broke apart mid-air due to a fatigue crack originating from an improper repair made decades earlier. The flaw went undetected until it caused the aircraft to fail in flight.
The second account covers the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing over Lockerbie, Scotland. Investigators recovered explosive residues and timer fragments that ultimately identified the responsible Libyan intelligence officer, illustrating how deliberate acts can trigger widespread destruction.
The...
Aviation's Worst Failures and Best Triumphs
Dec 25, 2025Recounts three major aviation incidents, each demonstrating how unexpected events and human error can have catastrophic consequences.
The first case describes the 2003 missile attack on a DHL cargo plane over Baghdad. The crew managed to land the severely damaged aircraft using only engine thrust, demonstrating exceptional skill under extreme circumstances.
The second account covers the 1996 crash of a US Air Force 737 in Croatia (IFO21). Pilot error, outdated airport technology, and unapproved landing procedures led to the fatal accident, claiming the lives of all aboard, including US Secretary of Commerce Ron Brown.
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Counterfeit Bolts and Tiny Maintenance Mistakes
Dec 24, 2025Examines two fatal aviation accidents, each initially mysterious but later traced to critical maintenance and component failures. The first case involves the 1989 crash of Partnair Flight 394 into the North Sea. Investigators determined that the tail section failed due to unapproved, counterfeit bolts, with a malfunctioning auxiliary power unit worsening the structural weakness, causing the aircraft to disintegrate mid-flight. The second account covers the 1975 crash of an overloaded C-5A Galaxy during Operation Babylift. Improperly installed and rigged tie rods on the cargo door locking mechanism failed in flight, causing the door to detach, resulting in explosive decompression and loss...
Duration: 00:12:19Bogus Bolts and the Invisible Flaw
Dec 23, 2025Reviews two major aviation disasters, each stemming from critical maintenance failures with fatal consequences.
The first case describes the 1989 crash of Partnair Flight 394 over the North Sea. Investigators found that a combination of a broken auxiliary power unit mount, improper maintenance, and unapproved, counterfeit bolts in the tail caused the aircraft to break apart in flight. This revealed a global issue with fake aircraft components entering legitimate supply chains.
The second account covers the 1975 crash of a C-5A Galaxy during Operation Babylift near Saigon. Three cargo door locks failed due to improper...
Deadliest Midair Collision and Hidden Cracks
Dec 22, 2025Reviews three major aviation disasters, each illustrating how human error, maintenance issues, and technological limitations can combine with fatal consequences.
The first case covers the 1996 Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision near New Delhi. The Kazakhstani crew failed to maintain their assigned altitude due to poor cockpit communication and language barriers, while outdated air traffic control technology prevented timely intervention, resulting in a catastrophic collision.
The second account examines the 2002 disintegration of China Airlines Flight 611. A fatigue crack, originating from an improperly documented tail repair 22 years earlier, went unnoticed due to faulty maintenance records. Over...
Double Engine Failure: Hudson and Heathrow
Dec 21, 2025Describes two remarkable commercial aviation emergencies, highlighting rare technical failures and exceptional crew performance.
The first case covers British Airways Flight 38, which experienced dual engine failure just short of the runway at Heathrow. Ice accumulation in the fuel system caused the sudden loss of power. After a lengthy investigation to identify the cause, the crew’s skillful handling ensured a safe landing with no fatalities.
The second account recounts US Airways Flight 1549, famously known as the "Miracle on the Hudson." Both engines failed immediately after takeoff following a collision with a flock of la...
Regional Airline Tragedies Crossair and Colgan Air
Dec 20, 2025Examines two regional airline crashes, both resulting primarily from pilot error and systemic issues within the industry.
The first case covers Crossair Flight 3597 in Zurich (2001). Investigators found that mechanical problems and air traffic control mistakes were not factors; instead, the crash stemmed from errors in pilot judgment and approach procedures.
The second account focuses on Continental Connection Flight 3407 in Buffalo (2009), where pilot mistakes during a stall situation were exacerbated by fatigue and inadequate training, highlighting weaknesses in regional airline operations.
Both narratives emphasize how pressures to cut costs led to...
Automation, and Human Error
Dec 19, 2025Examines two major commercial airline accidents, emphasizing human factors and technical challenges. The first case involves Scandinavian Airlines Flight 751 in 1991. Shortly after takeoff, ice ingestion caused dual engine failure, complicated by an unfamiliar Automatic Thrust Restoration (ATR) system. Despite these obstacles, the crew skillfully crash-landed the aircraft, demonstrating exceptional emergency handling. The second account covers the 2009 crash of Continental Connection Flight 3407, where the crew failed to respond correctly to a stall warning. Contributing factors included pilot fatigue and distractions, revealing broader safety weaknesses in regional airline operations. Both investigations highlight the importance of crew training, strict adherence to procedures...
Duration: 00:14:32When Automation Fights the Pilot
Dec 18, 2025Examines two commercial airline accidents, each shaped by technical failures and human factors. The first case describes SAS Flight 751, which suffered dual engine failure shortly after takeoff due to ice ingestion and an unexpected automated system response. Despite losing power, the crew managed to crash-land the aircraft safely, demonstrating exceptional skill and quick decision-making under extreme pressure. The second account focuses on Turkish Airlines Flight 1951, where a faulty radio altimeter triggered the autopilot’s auto-throttle into landing mode at too high an altitude. This caused the engines to idle, and the crew did not immediately recognize the resulting drop in...
Duration: 00:12:02Pilot Error and the Fatal Stall of 3407
Dec 17, 2025Examines three aviation incidents, highlighting how human factors, environmental hazards, and technology issues can influence flight safety.
The first case describes Continental Connection Flight 3407, where pilot fatigue and distraction contributed to errors that led to a fatal crash. The investigation underscored the critical role of crew alertness and adherence to standard procedures.
The second account recounts US Airways Flight 1549, famously ditched on the Hudson River after a bird strike caused both engines to fail. The pilots’ quick thinking and training allowed all passengers and crew to survive, demonstrating the value of skill and pr...
Egypt Air 990, Air Canada 797, and Flash 604
Dec 16, 2025Reviews three major commercial airline disasters, each involving complex circumstances that made determining the exact cause challenging. The first case examines Egypt Air Flight 990, where investigators analyzed flight recorder data and wreckage to understand the final moments. Theories ranged from mechanical failures to deliberate actions by the crew, highlighting the difficulty of distinguishing between human error and intentional acts. The second account covers Air Canada Flight 797, which suffered an in-flight fire. Investigators explored both technical malfunctions, such as electrical or mechanical faults, and human factors affecting the crew’s response. The crash prompted changes in fire detection, cabin evacuation pr...
Duration: 00:13:45Sully’s Skill Versus The Automation Trap
Dec 15, 2025Describes two major aviation incidents, each illustrating how crew skill, technology, and system failures can shape the outcome of a flight.
The first case recounts the Miracle on the Hudson involving US Airways Flight 1549. Shortly after takeoff, both engines failed due to a severe bird strike. The pilots responded quickly and skillfully, successfully ditching the aircraft in the Hudson River. The incident highlights the crew’s training, decision-making under extreme pressure, and the coordinated rescue efforts that saved all aboard.
The second account examines the crash of Turkish Airlines Flight 1951 near Amsterdam. A fa...
Wrong Parts and Disaster Chains
Dec 14, 2025Reviews two major aviation tragedies, each triggered by preventable maintenance errors that set off fatal chains of events.
The first case recounts the 1975 crash of a C-5A Galaxy during Operation Babylift. Shortly after takeoff, the aircraft’s cargo door failed because critical locking components had been installed incorrectly. The door blew out, causing explosive decompression and severing key control systems. With only limited maneuverability left, the crew attempted an emergency landing near Saigon, but the aircraft crashed, resulting in heavy loss of life.
The second incident describes the 2005 ditching of Tuninter Flight 1153. Du...
United 811 Cargo Door Disaster Coverup
Dec 13, 2025Describes three major transportation disasters, each exposing how technical failures, communication breakdowns, and weak safety practices can collide with economic pressure to create deadly outcomes. The first account examines United Flight 811, which suffered explosive decompression when a malfunctioning cargo door blew open in flight. The investigation revealed a long-standing design flaw that had been flagged before but not corrected, leading one victim’s family to fight for years to expose how cost considerations had overshadowed safety. The second narrative recounts the crash of Avianca Flight 52 near JFK Airport. After repeated holding patterns in severe weather, the aircraft ran dangerously lo...
Duration: 00:15:18Lying Fuel Gauge Caused Ocean Ditching
Dec 12, 2025Recounts three major aviation tragedies, each shaped by a different combination of mechanical failure, human error, and deliberate wrongdoing.
The first case describes the crash of Tuninter Flight 1153, where a maintenance mistake led to the installation of the wrong fuel gauge. The crew believed they had sufficient fuel, but the tanks were nearly empty. Both engines eventually flamed out, forcing the pilots to ditch the aircraft in the Mediterranean Sea.
The second account examines the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie. Investigators pieced together a massive debris field and, through meticulous forensic...
Gauges Cannibalized Parts Catastrophic Flight Errors
Dec 12, 2025Reviews three fatal aviation tragedies, each driven by a chain of preventable mechanical errors, maintenance failures, and human mistakes.
The first case describes the 1975 crash of a U.S. Air Force C-5A Galaxy during Operation Babylift. Faulty cargo door locks, incorrectly installed during maintenance, failed shortly after takeoff. The door tore away, causing explosive decompression and severing critical control systems, leaving the crew unable to fully control the aircraft.
The second incident examines the 2005 ditching of Tuninter Flight 1153. A wrong fuel quantity indicator had been installed during maintenance, giving the crew false...
Fire and System Failures
Dec 12, 2025Reviews three major airline accidents, each revealing how weaknesses in procedures, technology, or human decision-making can turn routine flights into disasters.
The first case is British Air Tours Flight 28 in 1985. After an aborted takeoff, an engine fire rapidly spread, filling the cabin with toxic smoke. A narrow interior bulkhead and slow evacuation routes trapped passengers, leading to 55 deaths. The tragedy prompted sweeping improvements in evacuation procedures, cabin layouts, fire-resistant materials, and emergency training.
The second account covers Northwest Airlines Flight 255 in 1987. The crew attempted takeoff without extending the flaps and slats, essential for...
Crashes That Forced Modern Flight Safety
Dec 12, 2025Outlines three major aviation disasters, each shaped by a chain of technical issues, human mistakes, and systemic shortcomings.
The first account describes the 1986 Cerritos mid-air collision over Los Angeles, where a passenger jet and a private aircraft collided due to weaknesses in air traffic control procedures and aging radar technology. The event exposed how even small deviations in flight paths can become fatal when monitoring systems and communication protocols fail to keep up.
The second investigation covers the 2003 crash of Air Midwest Flight 5481 in Charlotte. Improper maintenance on the aircraft’s flight controls le...
Two Deadly Flaws of the ATR-72
Dec 12, 2025Recounts several major aviation tragedies, each shaped by a different combination of human error, mechanical issues, design flaws, and criminal acts.
The first two investigations involve the ATR-72 turboprop. In the 1994 crash of American Eagle Flight 4184, ice formed in areas the de-icing system couldn’t protect, disrupting airflow and causing a sudden, unrecoverable roll. In the 2005 accident involving Tuninter Flight 1153, a simple but critical maintenance mistake—installing the wrong type of fuel gauge—led the crew to believe they had enough fuel when they did not, forcing them to ditch in the sea after both engines failed...
Hidden Ice and the Deadly Patch
Dec 12, 2025Recounts two major aviation disasters, each revealing how hidden structural problems or extreme environmental conditions can overwhelm even well-trained crews.
The first case describes the crash of American Eagle Flight 4184 in Roselawn, Indiana. While descending in freezing rain, the ATR 72 encountered supercooled large droplets that formed ice beyond the protection of its de-icing boots. This created an ice ridge on the wings that disrupted airflow, triggered a sudden aerodynamic stall, and sent the aircraft rolling uncontrollably toward the ground.
The second case focuses on China Airlines Flight 611, a Boeing 747 that broke apart in...
Silencing the Plane to Fix the GPS
Dec 12, 2025Describes two major aviation disasters, each shaped by a mix of mechanical problems, environmental hazards, and human factors.
The first is the 2007 loss of Adam Air Flight 574 in Indonesia. While flying through a severe storm, the crew became absorbed in troubleshooting a failure in the aircraft’s Inertial Reference System. As their attention shifted away from controlling the aircraft, it gradually rolled, entered a steep dive, and was lost over the sea. The accident exposed serious weaknesses in the airline’s maintenance standards and raised broader concerns about overall aviation safety in the region.
Th...
Hidden Maintenance Failures That Crash Planes
Dec 12, 2025Describes three major aviation disasters, all linked by catastrophic structural failures that unfolded in flight.
The first involves Adam Air Flight 574 in 2007. While troubleshooting a malfunctioning navigation system, the crew became distracted and lost awareness of the aircraft’s attitude. This led to spatial disorientation and an uncontrolled spiral into the sea. The event exposed deep problems within the airline’s maintenance practices and a wider regulatory weakness that allowed unsafe aircraft to keep flying.
The second account describes the 1975 crash of the first Operation Baby Lift C-5A transport plane evacuating Vietnamese orph...
Disasters of KAL 007 and Air Ontario 1363
Dec 12, 2025Recounts two separate aviation tragedies, each shaped by human error, environmental hazards, and the geopolitical or corporate pressures surrounding them. The first is the 1983 destruction of Korean Air Flight 007, which strayed deep into restricted Soviet airspace during a period of intense Cold War tension. Misidentification, confusion with a nearby American reconnaissance aircraft, and a failure to recognize that the intruding aircraft was civilian led a Soviet fighter jet to fire on it. Later investigations revealed that the airliner had deviated from its intended route due to pilot error, a mistake that, combined with the hostile political climate, resulted in...
Duration: 00:14:13Deadly Failure Chains Two Aviation Disasters
Dec 11, 2025The account describes two major aviation disasters, each exposing dangerous weaknesses in safety and oversight. The first incident is the 1991 runway collision at LAX involving a US Air flight and a SkyWest commuter plane. A critical mistake by the air traffic controller placed both aircraft on the same runway at the same time. This human error was made worse by system issues such as non-functional ground radar and limited visibility from the control tower. These combined failures led to a devastating impact moments after one aircraft landed. The second incident is the 2005 crash of a Chalks Ocean Airways seaplane...
Duration: 00:12:00The Silent Warning and Deadly Ice
Dec 11, 2025The story covers two tragic commercial airline crashes from the 1980s, each revealing how small errors and systemic pressures can lead to devastating consequences. It begins with Northwest Flight 255 in Detroit (1987). Shortly after takeoff, the aircraft lost control and crashed. Investigators later discovered that the pilots had attempted to take off without extending the flaps and slats, essential for generating lift. Cockpit distractions—along with a possibly disabled warning system—meant the crew didn’t realize the aircraft wasn’t properly configured. A single missed step triggered a catastrophic chain of events. The narrative then shifts to Air Ontario Flight 1...
Duration: 00:14:47